The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that children under the age of five in Africa are among the most affected by diseases caused by unsafe or poor-quality food, as well as by malnutrition.
According to the organization, nearly half of African children suffer from severe nutrient deficiencies. This lack of essential nutrients, combined with exposure to toxins from contaminated food, can hinder proper brain development and negatively affect mental health.
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Nutrient Deficiencies Threaten Brain Development
WHO explained that malnutrition can have long-lasting effects on a child’s development. These include delayed brain growth and reduced ability to learn and perform well in school.
The organization noted that deficiencies in key nutrients such as iron, zinc, and iodine during the first 1,000 days of life can cause brain damage that may be irreversible.
Impact on Learning and Physical Development
In addition to affecting brain development, poor nutrition can delay the development of nerves and muscles. Children suffering from nutrient deficiencies may also experience difficulties concentrating and completing daily tasks.
Experts say these developmental challenges can affect a child’s academic performance and overall well-being throughout life.
Unsafe Food and Water Increase Child Mortality
WHO states that consuming contaminated food or drinking unsafe water remains one of the leading causes of death among children.
Food poisoning caused by unsafe food can trigger severe diarrhea, which further worsens malnutrition and significantly weakens the immune system, leaving children more vulnerable to other illnesses.
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Vitamin Deficiencies Linked to Blindness and Cognitive Delays
The organization also highlighted the dangers of deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin A and iron.
A lack of these nutrients can cause serious delays in intellectual development and is a major cause of preventable blindness among children.
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Processed Foods May Contribute to Behavioral Problems
WHO warned that feeding children diets lacking balance and nutritional value, especially those high in sugar and heavily processed foods, may increase the risk of hyperactivity and other behavioral problems.
Health experts encourage parents and caregivers to provide children with diverse and nutritious meals to support healthy growth and development.
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WHO Chief Calls for Greater Food Safety Efforts
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus emphasized that the consequences of unsafe food extend beyond immediate illness. “When a child frequently suffers from diarrhea caused by unsafe food, the effects are not limited to their immediate health. Their physical growth and their ability to learn are also affected,” he said.
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Addressing a Growing Public Health Challenge
WHO says tackling malnutrition and improving food safety are critical steps toward protecting the health, development, and future potential of millions of African children. The organization continues to call for stronger efforts to ensure access to safe, nutritious food and clean water across the continent.
“When a child frequently suffers from diarrhea caused by unsafe food, the effects are not limited to their immediate health. Their physical growth and their ability to learn are also affected
